Thursday, April 30, 2009

How much asbestos exposure does it take to get mesothelioma?

An exposure of as little as one or two months can result in mesothelioma 30 or 40 years later and in some cases, as much as 70 years later.

How long does it take after asbestos exposure for mesothelioma to show up?

People exposed in the 1940s, '50s, '60s, and '70s are now being diagnosed with mesothelioma because of the long latency period of asbestos disease.

How is mesothelioma diagnosed?

Mesothelioma is diagnosed by pathological examination from a biopsy. Tissue is removed, placed under the microscope, and a pathologist makes a definitive diagnosis and issues a pathology report. This is the end of a process that usually begins with symptoms that send most people to the doctor: a fluid buildup around the lungs (pleural effusions), shortness of breath, pain in the chest, or pain or swelling in the abdomen. The doctor may order an X-ray or CT scan of the chest or abdomen. If further examination is warranted, the following tests may be done:

  • Thoracoscopy

    For pleural mesothelioma, the doctor may look inside the chest cavity with a special instrument called a thoracoscope. A cut will be made through the chest wall and the thoracoscope will be put into the chest between two ribs. This test is usually done in a hospital using a local anesthetic or painkiller.

    If fluid has collected in your chest, your doctor may drain the fluid out of your body by putting a needle into your chest and using gentle suction to remove the fluid. This is called thoracentesis.


  • Peritoneoscopy

    For peritoneal mesothelioma, the doctor may also look inside the abdomen with a special tool called a peritoneoscope. The peritoneoscope is put into an opening made in the abdomen. This test is usually done in the hospital under a local anesthetic.

    If fluid has collected in your abdomen, your doctor may drain the fluid out of your body by putting a needle into your abdomen and using gentle suction to remove the fluid. This process is called paracentesis.


  • Biopsy

    If abnormal tissue is found, the doctor will need to cut out a small piece and have it looked at under a microscope. This is usually done during the thoracoscopy or peritoneoscopy, but can be done during surgery.

    Unfortunately, in some cases, tumor cells can grow along the tract where the biopsy is taken. This can be minimized with the use of radiation to the area.

Monday, April 27, 2009

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTERS

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has designated 40 cancer centers throughout the United States as "Comprehensive" centers. These elite centers have been recognized for their focus on scientific excellence and have dedicated themselves to the prevention, treatment and cure of cancer, including malignant mesothelioma. Following is a list of Cancer Centers by state.

For veterans wishing to be treated at a Veterans Health Administration (VA) cancer care facility, click here for a listing by state.

Alabama

UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center
1802 6th Avenue, S.
Birmingham, AL 35294
Request an appointment: (800) UAB-0933 or (205) 975-8222

Arizona

Arizona Cancer Center
1515 N. Campbell Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85724
Request an appointment: (520) 626-2900

California

City of Hope National Medical Center
1500 E. Duarte Road
Duarte, CA 91010
Request an appointment: (866) 434-HOPE (4673)

University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center
3855 Health Sciences Drive
La Jolla, CA 92093
Request an appointment: (866) 773-2703 or (858) 822-6200

UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
10833 Le Conte Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90095
Request an appointment: (800) 825-2631

USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
1441 Eastlake Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90033
Request an appointment: (800) USC-CARE

University of California, Irvine (UCI) Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
101 The City Drive, S.
Orange, CA 92868
Request an appointment: (877) UCI-DOCS (824-3627)

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Comprehensive Cancer Center
1600 Divisadero Street
San Francisco, CA 94115
Request an appointment: (888) 689-8273 or (415) 885-7777

Stanford University Comprehensive Cancer Center
875 Blake Wilbur Drive
Stanford, CA 94305
Request an appointment: (650) 498-6000

Colorado

University of Colorado Cancer Center
1665 N. Ursula Street
Aurora, CO 80045
Request an appointment: (800) 473-2288 or (720) 848-0300

Connecticut

Yale Cancer Center
15 York Street
New Haven, CT 06510
Request an appointment: (203) 785-4191

District of Columbia

Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University
3800 Reservoir Road, NW
Washington, DC 20007
Request an appointment: (202) 444-2223

Florida

H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute
12902 Magnolia Drive
Tampa, FL 33612
Request an appointment: (888) 860-2778 or (813) 979-3980

Illinois

Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
Galter Pavilion
675 N. St. Clair, 21st Floor
Chicago, IL 60611
Request an appointment: (866) LURIE-CC (587-4322)

Iowa

University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
200 Hawkins Drive
Iowa City, IA 52242
Request an appointment: (319) 356-4200 8:00 am - 5:00 pm (M-F)
(800) 777-8442 or
(319) 384-8442 (After hours)

Maryland

Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
401 N. Broadway
Baltimore, MD 21231
Request an appointment: (410) 955-5222

Massachusetts

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
44 Binney Street
Boston, MA 02115
Request an appointment: (877) 332-4294

Michigan

University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
1500 E. Medical Center Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Request an appointment: (800) 865-1125

Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
4100 John R
Detroit, MI 48201
Request an appointment: (800) KARMANOS (527-6266)

Minnesota

University of Minnesota Cancer Center
425 E. River Road
Minneapolis, MN 55455
Request an appointment: (888) CANCER MN (226-2376)
(Toll Free in IA, MN, ND, SD, WI)
(612) 624-2620 (Outside Area)

Mayo Clinic Cancer Center
200 First Street, SW
Rochester, MN 55905
Request an appointment: (507) 538-3270

Missouri

Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
660 S. Euclid Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63110
Request an appointment: (877) 251-6485 or (314) 747-3046

New Hampshire

Norris Cotton Cancer Center
One Medical Center Drive
Lebanon, NH 03756
Request an appointment: (603) 653-9000

New Jersey

Cancer Hospital of New Jersey at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
195 Little Albany Street
New Brunswick, NJ 08903
Request an appointment: (732) 828-3000

New York

Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Elm and Carlton Streets
Buffalo, NY 14263
Request an appointment: (800) ROSWELL (767-9355)

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
1275 York Avenue
New York, NY 10021
Request an appointment: (800) 525-2225

Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
161 Fort Washington Avenue
New York, NY 10032
Request an appointment: (877) NYP-WELL (697-9355)

North Carolina

University of North Carolina (UNC) Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
450 West Drive
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
Request an appointment: (866) 828-0270

Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center
2424 Erwin Road
Durham, NC 27705
Request an appointment: (888) ASK-DUKE (275-3853)

Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center
Medical Center Boulevard
Winston-Salem, NC 27157
Request an appointment: (800) 446-2255 or (336) 716-2255

Ohio

Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ireland Cancer Center
11100 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44106
Request an appointment: (800) 641-2422

Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital & Richard J. Solove Research Institute
300 W. 10th Avenue
Columbus, OH 43210
Request an appointment: (800) 293-5066 or (614) 293-5066

Pennsylvania

Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
3400 Spruce Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104
Request an appointment: (800) 789-PENN (7366)

Fox Chase Cancer Center
333 Cottman Avenue
Philadelphia, PA 19111
Request an appointment: (215) 728-2570

University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
5150 Centre Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
Request an appointment: (412) 647-2811

Tennessee

Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center
691 Preston Building
Nashville, TN 37232
Request an appointment: (800) 811-8480

Texas

University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
1515 Holcombe Boulevard
Houston, TX 77030
Request an appointment: (800) 392-1611 or (713) 792-6161

Vermont

Vermont Cancer Center at the University of Vermont
89 Beaumont Avenue
Burlington, VT 05405
Request an appointment: (802) 656-4414

Washington

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
1100 Fairview Avenue, N.
Seattle, WA 98109
Request an appointment: (800) 804-8824 or (206) 288-1024

Wisconsin

University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center
600 Highland Avenue
Madison, WI 53792
Request an appointment: (800) 622-8922

NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE CANCER CENTERS

UC Davis Cancer Center
4501 X Street
Sacramento, CA 95817
Request an appointment: (800) 362-5566 or (916) 734-5900

University of Chicago Hospitals
5841 S. Maryland Avenue
Chicago, IL 60637
Request an appointment: (888) UCH-0200

NYU Cancer Institute
550 First Avenue
New York, NY 10016
Request an appointment: (888) 7-NYU-MED (769-8633)

The Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Center
9500 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44195
Request an appointment: (866) 320-4573 or (216) 444-5501

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD
National Insitutes of Health
10 Center Dr.
Bethesda, MD 20892
Request an appointment: 301-496-2626

Navy Jobs and Asbestos Exposure

Mesothelioma, a cancer of the lining of the lung or the lining of the abdominal cavity, poses a real and ongoing threat to veterans of military service, particularly those who served in the Navy aboard our nation's warships. Although not all asbestos diseases are as devastating or as rare as mesothelioma, thousands of veterans are now dealing with health problems relating to exposure that occurred decades ago.

Asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) were prevalent aboard Navy ships of the World War II, Korean War and Viet Nam era, and most Navy veterans experienced varying degrees of exposure to these products in the course of carrying out their jobs.

The following table lists various Navy job classifications and the probability of exposure to asbestos for each. Not everyone exposed to asbestos will develop an asbestos-related disease, but knowledge of potential exposure as well as periodic testing for exposed individuals is important.

Note: Some Job Code designations may have changed and others have been added over time. This list is not all-inclusive.

Job Code

Job Classification

Probability of Asbestos Exposure

AA

Airman Apprentice

Minimal

AB

Aviation Boatswain's Mate

Probable

ABE

Aviation Boatswain's Mate
(Launch & Recovery)

Probable

ABH

Aviation Boatswain's Mate
(Aircraft Handler)

Probable

AC

Air Controlman

Minimal

ADJ

Aviation Machinist's Mate
(Jet Engine Mechanic)

Probable

ADR

Aviation Machinist's Mate
(Reciprocating Engine Mechanic)

Probable

AE
(After 1948)

Aviation Electrician's Mate

Probable

AFCM

Aircraft Maintenanceman
(Master Chief)

Minimal

AG

Aerographer's Mate

Minimal

AK

Aviation Storekeeper

Minimal

AM
(Before 1948)

Aviation Metalsmith

Probable

AM
(After 1948)

Aviation Structural Mechanic

Probable

AME

Aviation Structural Mechanic
(Safety Equipment)

Probable

AMH

Aviation Structural Mechanic
(Hydraulics)

Probable

AMS

Aviation Structural Mechanic
(Structures)

Probable

AN

Airman

Minimal

AO
(After 1948)

Aviation Ordnanceman

Minimal

AQ

Aviation Fire Control Technician

Highly Probable

AR
(After 1948)

Airman Recruit

Minimal

ARM

Aviation Radioman

Probable

AS
(After 1965)

Aviation Support Equipment Technician

Probable

AT

Aviation Electronics Technician

Probable

AW

Aviation Antisubmarine Warfare Operator

Probable

AZ

Aviation Maintenance Administrationman

Minimal

BM

Boatswain's Mate

Minimal

BR

Boilermaker

Highly Probable

BT

Boilerman

Highly Probable

BU

Builder

Probable

CD

Construction Driver

Probable

CE

Construction Electrician's Mate

Probable

CM

Construction Mechanic

Minimal

CN

Constructionman

Probable

Cox

Coxswain

Minimal

CS

Commissaryman

Minimal

CT

Communications Technician

Minimal

CTR

Communications Technician
(Collections Branch)

Minimal

DC

Damage Controlman

Minimal

DK

Disbursing Clerk

Minimal

DP

Data Processing Technician

Minimal

DS

Data Systems Technician

Minimal

DT

Dental Technician

Minimal

EM

Electrician's Mate

Probable

EN

Engineman

Probable

EO

Equipment Operator

Minimal

ET

Electronics Technician

Probable

F

Fireman

Highly Probable

FC

Fire Controlman

Highly Probable

FP

Pipefitter

Highly Probable

FT

Fire Control Technician

Highly Probable

FTG

Fire Control Technician
(Gun Fire Control)

Highly Probable

GM

Gunner's Mate

Minimal

GSM

Gas Turbine System Technician
(Mechanical)

Probable

HM

Hospital Corpsman

Minimal

HN

Hospitalman

Minimal

HT

Hull Maintenance Technician

Highly Probable

IC

Interior Communications Electrician

Probable

IM

Instrumentman

Highly Probable

LI

Lithographer

Minimal

M, ME

Metalsmith

Minimal

ML, MI

Molder

Probable

MM

Machinist's Mate

Probable

MN

Mineman

Minimal

MoMM

Motor Machinist's Mate

Probable

MR

Machinery Repairman

Minimal

MS

Mess Management Specialist

Minimal

MT

Missile Technician

Probable

MU
(After 1948)

Musician

Minimal

NC

Navy Counselor

Minimal

OM

Opticalman

Minimal

OS

Operations Specialist

Minimal

PC

Postal Clerk

Minimal

PhoM

Photographer's Mate

Minimal

PhM

Pharmacist

Minimal

PN

Personnelman

Minimal

PrTr

Printer

Minimal

PT

Photographic Intelligenceman

Minimal

Ptr

Painter

Probable

QM

Quartermaster

Minimal

RD

Radarman

Minimal

RM

Radioman

Minimal

S

Seaman

Minimal

SC

Ship's Cook

Minimal

SD

Steward

Minimal

SF

Shipfitter

Minimal

SFP

Shipfitter
(Pipefitter)

Minimal

SH

Ship's Serviceman

Minimal

SK

Storekeeper

Minimal

SM

Signalman

Minimal

SO

Sonarman

Highly Probable

SoM

Soundman

Highly Probable

ST
(After 1948)

Sonar Technician

Highly Probable

STG

Sonar Technician
(Surface)

Highly Probable

STS

Sonar Technician
(Submarine)

Highly Probable

StM

Steward's Mate

Minimal

SW

Steelworker

Probable

TA

Steward Apprentice

Minimal

TD

Tradesman

Minimal

TE

Teleman

Minimal

TM

Torpedoman's Mate

Probable

TN

Stewardsman

Minimal

UT

Utilitiesman

Highly Probable

WT

Water Tender

Highly Probable

Y

Yeoman

Minimal

Asbestos Exposure

Asbestos Exposure

The government has designated asbestos as a carcinogen, and there is no safe threshold of exposure. The degree of risk is related to the length of exposure and how high the asbestos fiber concentration was in the air when the person was exposed. Exposure to asbestos is the major known cause of malignant mesothelioma.

Materials Containing Asbestos

Most insulation materials before the mid-1970s contained asbestos. Many other construction materials also contained asbestos. Some of the most common products were:

  • Insulation on pipes
  • Boiler insulation
  • Insulating cements, plasters and joint compounds that came in powder form and created a lot of dust before being completely mixed with water
  • Fireproofing spray insulation
  • Firebrick and gunnite used for internal insulation of furnaces, boilers and other vessels
  • Roof, floor and ceiling tiles
  • Transite siding
  • Brakes and clutches

Most Commonly Exposed Personnel

The following Navy personnel could have worked around asbestos:

  • Boilermen
  • Enginemen
  • Firemen
  • Machinist Mates
  • Shipfitters
  • Pipefitters
  • Electrician's Mates
  • Seabees (military construction)
  • Civilian shipyard workers

Shipboard Exposure

Fire and engine rooms aboard ship typically had the highest exposure because of the insulation and refractory products necessary in these high-heat areas, but no area was considered safe. Pipe coverings throughout the ship were covered with asbestos lagging, and literally ran inches over the bunks in the sleeping quarters. In addition, ships crews generally lived and worked aboard ships during routine maintenance operations and sometimes while their ships were overhauled in dry docks over months long periods.

Shipyard Exposure

During World War II, large quantities of asbestos used by shipyards as they built, overhauled and decommissioned warships, exposed thousands of shipyard workers to its insidious effects. Based on statistics, working in an American shipyard during the war years was almost as deadly as fighting in the war itself. The combat death rate was roughly 18 per thousand service members. For every thousand wartime shipyard employees, about 14 died of asbestos-related cancer, and unknown numbers died of asbestosis or related complications. See our section on asbestos exposure and the Seabees.

In 1984, a medical survey of shipyard workers at Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, VA, showed that 79 percent of these workers exhibited signs of lung abnormalities consistent with asbestos exposure, while x-rays given to 90 wives of workers revealed 8 to 9 percent showed similar abnormalities.

U. S. Government (Naval) Shipyards where ships were built and/or overhauled include:

  • Boston Naval Shipyard, Charlestown, MA
  • Charleston Naval Shipyard, Charleston, SC
  • Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco, CA
  • Long Beach Naval Shipyard, Long Beach, CA
  • Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA
  • New York Naval Shipyard, Brooklyn, NY
  • Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, VA
  • Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, Philadelphia, PA
  • Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME
  • Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA

Private Sector Shipyards where Navy ships, Liberty ships and Victory ships were also built include:

  • Alabama Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company, Mobile, AL
  • American Bridge Company, Pittsburgh, PA
  • Associated Shipbuilders, Inc., Seattle, WA
  • Bath Iron Works Corporation, Bath, ME
  • Bethlehem Steel Company, Hingham, MA
  • Bethlehem Steel Company, Quincy, MA
  • Bethlehem Steel Company, San Francisco, CA
  • Bethlehem Steel Company, San Pedro, CA
  • Bethlehem Steel Company, Staten Island, NY
  • Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards, Inc., Baltimore, MD
  • Brown Shipbuilding Company, Houston, TX
  • California Shipbuilding Corporation, Los Angeles, CA
  • Chicago Bridge & Iron Company, Seneca, IL
  • Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, TX
  • Cramp Shipbuilding Company, Philadelphia, PA
  • Defoe Shipbuilding Company, Bay City, MI
  • Delta Shipbuilding Company, New Orleans, LA
  • Dravo Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA
  • Dravo Corporation, Wilmington, DE
  • Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT
  • Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Kearny, NJ
  • Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Port Newark, NJ
  • Gulf Shipbuilding Corporation, Chickasaw, AL
  • J. A. Jones Construction Company, Brunswick, GA
  • J. A. Jones Construction Company, Panama City, FL
  • Jeffersonville Boat & Machine Company, Jeffersonville, IN
  • Kaiser Company, Richmond, CA
  • Kaiser Company, Vancouver, WA
  • Lake Washington Shipyards, Houghton, WA
  • Manitowoc Shipbuilding Corporation, Manitowoc, WI
  • Marinship Corporation, Sausalito, CA
  • Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Company, Evansville, IN
  • Moore Dry Dock Company, Oakland, CA
  • New England Shipbuilding Company, South Portland, ME
  • New York Shipbuilding Company, Camden, NJ
  • Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Newport News, VA
  • North Carolina Shipbuilding Company, Wilmington, NC
  • Oregon Shipbuilding Company, Portland, OR
  • Permanente Metals Corporation, #1 Yard, Richmond, CA
  • Permanente Metals Corporation, #2 Yard, Richmond, CA
  • Southeastern Shipbuilding Corporation, Savannah, GA
  • St. John's River Shipbuilding Company, Jacksonville, FL
  • Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Chester, PA
  • Tampa Shipbuilding Company, Inc., Tampa, FL
  • Todd Houston Shipbuilding Corporation, Houston, TX
  • Todd Pacific Shipyards, Inc., Seattle, WA
  • Todd Pacific Shipyards, Inc., Tacoma, WA
  • Todd Shipyards, Inc., Los Angeles, CA
  • Western Pipe & Steel Company of California, San Pedro, CA
  • Willamette Iron & Steel Corporation, Portland, OR
  • Walsh-Kaiser

Sunday, April 26, 2009

Mesothelioma Detection

Early Detection

It is strongly encouraged that anyone who has had past asbestos exposure be checked periodically for asbestos disease. Early detection is vital, since even lung cancers have a higher survival rate if caught early. Non-cancerous disease may be diagnosed through a normal front and side view x-ray (also called a PA and lateral), with the x-ray films read preferably by a radiologist called a Certified B-reader. This should be an adequate diagnostic test to determine if any scarring is present which would be consistent with asbestos exposure. Click here for a current listing of these radiologists. If anything suspicious appears on the x-ray films, the patient would be referred to a specialist for further evaluation. Cancerous disease, although it may be suspected through tests such as an x-ray or CT scan, can only be confirmed through a tissue biopsy. Be sure you understand the significance of your diagnosis.

Non-Cancerous

  • Pleural disease - often noted as a scarring of the lining of the lung, and sometimes expressed as "pleural thickening", "pleural plaque" or "pleural calcification".
  • Asbestosis - defined as a scarring of the lower lobes of the lungs bilaterally (on both sides); often referred to as "asbestos in the lung".

If you have been diagnosed with a non-cancerous disease, it is important that your doctor monitor your condition with regular x-rays and/or high resolution CT scans, and pulmonary function tests. It is also important to compare new and old radiographic films and review any other pertinent test results to check for progression of disease.

Note: Although these diseases are non-cancerous at the onset, they can be progressive, eventually leading to a need for inhalers or oxygen. They also constitute a significantly greater risk of future cancer in those who have a prior smoking history, or those who continue to smoke.

Cancerous

  • Lung cancer - diagnosed as non-small cell (which includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell or large cell) and small cell (which includes oat cell, lymphocytic, intermediate or combined); lung cancer may be contributed to by asbestos exposure, although it is not normally the sole cause.
  • Mesothelioma - a rare form of cancer of the lining of the lung (pleural mesothelioma) or the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneal mesothelioma), or in rare cases, the lining of the heart (pericardial mesothelioma); exclusive to asbestos exposure.

If you have been diagnosed with lung cancer, it is important to make a treatment decision, and then follow your doctor's recommendations. Additional information on various types of lung cancer may be obtained through the National Cancer Institute at 1-800-4-CANCER.

Lung Cancer Deaths associated with Smoking and Asbestos Exposure
(Data from Hammond et al., 1979)

Group Mortality Ratio
Non-Smoker without Asbestos Exposure 1*
Smoker without Asbestos Exposure 5
Smoker without Asbestos Exposure 11
Smoker with Asbestos Exposure 53

*Note: A mortality ratio of A1" would translate to 1 death from lung cancer per 9,000 individuals

Asbestos Disease

MESOTHELIOMA

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer almost exclusive to asbestos exposure. This is the most serious of the asbestos-related cancers, and may develop from exposures ranging from heavy, daily exposure to minimal exposure. While the latency period of from 20 to 50 years or more is a medical fact, it is often difficult for victims and their families to imagine that this can occur after so long a period of time.

Mesothelioma originates in the sac lining of the chest (pleura) or the abdomen (peritoneum). In the advanced stages of the disease, it is possible to have both pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma. Although mesothelioma is not curable, early detection is a factor in having a cho ice in treatment options. Mesothelioma specialists and world-class cancer centers, as well as new surgical approaches, chemotherapy drugs and ongoing clinical research all play an important part in helping extend life expectancy and in increasing quality of life.

Symptoms

The early symptoms of mesothelioma are generally non-specific, and may lead to a delay in diagnosis. Sometimes resembling viral pneumonia, symptoms of pleural mesothelioma may include shortness of breath, chest pain and/or persistent cough. A chest x-ray may show a build-up of fluid called pleural effusion. Less common symptoms are fever, night sweats and weight loss. Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include pain or swelling in the abdomen due to a build-up of fluid, nausea, weight loss, bowel obstruction, anemia or swelling of the feet. It is important to keep in mind that these symptoms may be caused by mesothelioma or by other less serious diseases. Only your doctor can make a definitive diagnosis, and while mesothelioma may be suspected by using imaging techniques such as x-rays or CT scans, in most cases it can only be confirmed through a tissue biopsy.

Treatment

Traditional approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation are most commonly used in the treatment of mesothelioma, however, multi-modality treatments which combine all three methods are now widely accepted. Other still experimental approaches include gene therapy, photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy. There are also a number of promising new drugs being evaluated in the clinical trial system.

LUNG CANCER

Asbestos is the most common industrial substance known to cause lung cancer. When asbestos fibers break apart, microscopic particles are released into the air. These fibers are easily inhaled and can lodge in the lungs, damaging cells and increasing the risk of cancer. The risk of asbestos-related lung cancer is substantially higher for those who were, or are now smokers, as opposed to those who have never smoked.

Symptoms

Symptoms of lung cancer include persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, wheezing, repeated pneumonia or bronchitis, fatigue, loss of appetite or weight loss.

Treatment

Options for the treatment of lung cancer depend on factors such as the size, location and type of the cancer, and the overall health of the patient. As with all cancers, early diagnosis may be the most important element in a successful treatment program.

ASBESTOSIS

Asbestosis is a form of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused exclusively by inhaling asbestos fiber. It is a chronic and irreversible lung condition characterized by scarring of the lower lobes of the lungs, leading to a decrease in healthy tissue. As a result, the lungs become stiff and do not allow for normal expansion and contraction.

Symptoms

Symptoms may include shortness of breath, coughing, tightness in the chest, chest pain, a crackling sound in the chest or clubbing of the fingers. Diagnosis of asbestosis is generally made through a chest x-ray, with the films interpreted by a Certified B-reader, or through a high resolution CT scan.

Treatment

Since asbestosis is a progressive disease, monitoring on a regular basis is essential following a diagnosis. If the disease worsens, inhalers or oxygen may be necessary to alleviate discomfort.

Saturday, April 25, 2009

Managing Your Care

Mesothelioma is a major challenge and keeping up with activities involving your treatment and doctor visits can be overwhelming. The patient, the family, and close friends are faced with new and unfamiliar experiences. A methodological approach to your care can often make life easier for everyone.

The concept of a personal medical file is becoming more popular, and these files can be especially useful for cancer patients who see multiple doctors and receive treatment at more than one location. The personal medical file helps ensure that you always have access to critical data (even when your doctor’s office is closed) and there is a backup of the most important documents. When you visit a new health care provider, you will have comprehensive access to the information they need. More on personal medical files.

Keeping track of the medications you are taking can be a hassle, especially given the amount of prescriptions the typical mesothelioma patient takes. You need to know what medicines you are taking, which doctor prescribed them, what the dosage is and how many pills a day you take. A formal file and notebook organizer can help here. More tips on managing your medications.

Keeping track of your expenses is important. Everyone has different financial resources, insurance coverage, and Medicare eligibility. Many mesothelioma patients can get compensation from the asbestos industry, which can help with medical costs. Whatever the source of your funding, you need to keep track of all bills from hospitals and clinics, bills from drugs stores, and insurance claims and payments. Tips on managing your expenses.

Because mesothelioma is a rare cancer, your doctor may not have much experience dealing with it. There is nothing wrong with getting a second opinion from another physician. Here are some ideas on second opinions. You may wish to look at our list of mesothelioma specialists. Contact us if you are interested in reaching these doctors. Note that the type of doctor that specializes in cancer treatment is called oncologists. However, because mesothelioma is so rare, even most oncologists have seen a limited number of cases. Also you may wish to look into the community clinical oncology program, sponsored by the federal government, which offer access to clinical trials to patients at cancer centers around the country.

Keeping a Personal Medical Records File

When you or a family member is going through the diagnostic process, or are being treated for mesothelioma, it is an undeniable fact that there will be a multitude of paperwork and reports involved. Although each individual medical professional or facility will keep its own record of your care, it is also important that you maintain an accurate, up to date medical history of your own.

It is likely that several different doctors, possibly at various locations, will be involved in your care, and each will generate a series of test results, treatment reports, scripts for medications, etc. By consolidating and organizing this information in one file, you will always have access to what you need if questions arise, or if a report is lost or inadvertently destroyed. It will also give you an opportunity to go over your records in your own time, and make note of any questions or concerns you might have. In this way, you will become a more active participant in your health care, and will feel more knowledgeable and in control of your situation. Keeping a personal medical file is also helpful in managing your health insurance claims, taxes and other legal matters.

Your personal medical record file should include the following:

  • Information on past medical history, including the dates and details of any previously diagnosed illnesses such as diabetes or heart disease.
  • Information on past physical examinations and screening tests.
  • Immunization records.
  • Contact information for all doctors, clinics and/or hospitals involved in your diagnosis, treatment or other care.
  • Dates of initial diagnosis and a schedule for subsequent treatments.
  • Copies of reports and diagnostic tests, including laboratory results, pathology reports and imaging tests (x-ray, CT, MRI, PET).
  • Treatment information including surgical reports, names and dosages of drugs used for chemotherapy and sites and dosages for radiation therapy.
  • Notes on treatment results including any complications or side effects experienced.
  • Information on supportive care such as pain management or nutritional support. All medications you are taking, including prescription and over the counter drugs, should be listed by name, dosage and how often they are taken.

If you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, it is best to collect information for your file each time you have an appointment, test or procedure. At each doctor appointment, ask for any records being added to your file, and if you have a laboratory test or a procedure of any kind, request a copy of the test results or the procedure report. If you are hospitalized for any reason, request a complete copy of your hospitalization records when you are released. Keep copies of medical bills and insurance claims.

How you organize your file is a matter of personal preference. Some people prefer a filing cabinet, while others prefer a folder, binder or box; some prefer to scan documents into a computer file. Records can be divided according to date or by category such as appointments, tests or treatments. However you choose to compile your file, be sure it is stored in a safe place. You may wish to leave an additional copy with a relative or friend in case of emergency.

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 2003 assures that all patients have access to their medical records, so if you did not start a medical file when you were first diagnosed or treated, you can still obtain the information you need. In this case, it may be necessary to request your records in writing, and you may need to complete an "Authorization to Release Medical Information". Unfortunately, requesting records after the fact can take time, and you may be charged copying fees.

Related: Managing your medications.


Managing Your Medical Expenses

The volume of paperwork involved in managing insurance claim forms, co-pays, benefits statements, etc., can be overwhelming for a mesothelioma patient who is trying to concentrate on their health care, but by keeping organized, accurate records, you can eliminate unnecessary stress.

Perhaps the simplest way of keeping information to be referred to when filing an insurance claim, is to use a paper calendar to make note of all doctor's appointments, lab tests, procedures and treatments, as well as prescription drugs purchased. If this information is recorded on the day it occurs, you will have a complete chronological record when you need it. Other records you should organize in an expandable folder or binder include:

  • Bills from all health care providers.
  • Bills or receipts for prescription drugs.
  • Receipts from co-pays or other health care related costs.
  • Insurance claims filed.
  • Reimbursements received.

Keeping medical expenses entered on a basic computer spreadsheet is another option, or, there is specialized software available for those who prefer a better display of information and the ability to search for and sort information. One of these programs is the "Medical Expense Manager" offered by Quicken. This program will allow you to track and organize medical expenses, tax deductions, medical and prescription history for multiple individuals, insurance payments and deductibles and billing or claims disputes.

Another alternative is to hire someone to manage your claims for you, and if you feel you need professional help, there are health insurance claims assistance services available in many areas. These professionals can file and track claims, contact health care providers and insurance companies to resolve claim issues, review medical bills for accuracy and appeal rejected claims. Fees for services rendered can vary significantly according to provider.

For those with Medicare coverage, a health insurance assistance program is available in every state. Counselors can help Medicare recipients understand their benefits, and can make suggestions on establishing a record keeping system.

Thursday, April 23, 2009

Mesothelioma Doctors List


This is a list of doctors who reportedly treat mesothelioma patients. Their appearance on this website is not a recommendation. You should treat these doctors as you would any unknown physician and ask many questions about their experience with other mesothelioma patients.

Arizona

Linda Garland, M.D.
Arizona Cancer Center - Hematology/Oncology
Tucson, Arizona
Tel. 520-694-CURE (2873)

Dr. Garland is an oncologist and the Director of the Arizona Cancer Center Clinical Lung Program where one of her specialties includes Mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Helen J. Ross, M.D.
Mayo Clinic, Hematology/Oncology
Scottsdale, Arizona
Tel. 1-800-446-2279

Dr. Ross is a Thoracic Oncologist and Associate Professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic. For more information, click here.

California

Robert B. Cameron, M.D.
UCLA Medical Center
Los Angeles, California
Tel. 310-794-7333

Dr. Cameron is the Director of Thoracic Oncology at UCLA Medical Center. He is board-certified in general surgery and cardiothoracic surgery. His research interests include lung cancer, esophageal cancer and mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

David Jablons, M.D.
UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center
San Francisco, California
Tel. 1-800-888-8664 or 415-885-7777

Dr. Jablons is the Professor and Chief of the Section of General Thoracic Surgery at UCSF. He is Board Certified in General Surgery and Thoracic Surgery. For more information, click here.

Theirry Jahan, M.D.
UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center
San Francisco, California
Tel. 415-567-5581

Dr. Jahan is an associate clinical professor of medicine at UCSF. He specializes in the treatment of lung cancer, mesothelioma, sarcomas and endocrine tumors and the use of multiple treatments. For more information, click here.

Connecticut

Graeme L. Hammond, M.D., F.A.C.S.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery
New Haven, Connecticut
Tel. 203-785-2704

Dr. Hammond is a professor with the Department of Surgery at the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut. He is board-certified in surgery and thoracic surgery. For more information, click here.

Florida

Lary A. Robinson, M.D.
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute at The University of South Florida
Tampa, Florida
Tel. 813-745-8412

Dr. Robinson is the Director of the Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center. For more information, click here.

Massachusetts

Raphael Bueno, M.D.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Thoracic Surgery
Boston, Massachusetts
Tel. 617-732-6824

Dr. Bueno is the Associate Chief of the Division of Thoracic Surgery for Brigham and Women's Hospital. He is board certified in Surgery, Surgical Critical Care and Thoracic Surgery. His clinical interests include tracheal surgery, lung cancer and mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

David J. Sugarbaker, M.D.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Thoracic Surgery
Boston, Massachusetts
Tel. 617-732-6824

Dr. Sugarbaker is Chief of the Division of Thoracic Surgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital. Malignant pleural mesothelioma has been a central focus of Dr. Sugarbaker's clinical and laboratory research. For more information, click here.

Scott J. Swanson, M.D.
Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts
Tel. 617-732-6824

Dr. Swanson is board certified in Surgery and Thoracic Oncology and Thoracic Surgery. For more information, click here.

Nebraska

Dr. Brian Loggie
Creighton University School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska
Tel. 402-280-3273

Dr. Loggie is a Professor of Surgery, Chief of the Division of Surgical Oncology, and Director of the Cancer Biology Program at Creighton University School of Medicine. His special interest include: Peritoneal carcinomatosis and malignant ascites, and peritoneal mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

New York

Manjit Bains, M.D., F.A.C.S
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York
Tel. 212-639-7450

Dr. Bains is board certified in Surgery and Thoracic Surgery and has clinical expertise in mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Lee M. Krug, M.D.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York
Tel. 212-639-8420

Dr. Krug is a medical oncologist who specializes in the treatment of thoracic cancers. He is board-certified in internal medicine and medical oncology. His research is focused primarily on small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Valerie Rusch, M.D., F.A.C.S
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York
Phone: 212-639-5873

Dr. Rusch is a surgeon who treats patients with cancers of the lung, esophagus, mediastinum, and chest wall, including those with mesothelioma. She is board certified in surgery and thoracic surgery. For more information, click here.

Harvey I. Pass, M.D.
New York University Medical Center
New York, New York
Tel. 212-731-5414

Dr. Harvey Pass is the Director of the New York University Medical Center Division of Thoracic Surgery and is Chief of Thoracic Oncology. He is one of the world's leading authorities on mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Robert N. Taub, M.D.
NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia
New York, New York
Tel. 212-659-6815

Dr. Taub is Board Certified in Hematology, Allergy and Immunology, Internal Medicine and Oncology. Dr. Taub is involved in developing combined chemotherapeutic and surgical techniques to combat mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

North Carolina

David H. Harpole, Jr., M.D.
Duke University Health System
Durham, North Carolina
Tel. 919-668-8413

Dr. Harpole is Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs and a member of the Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery in the Department of Surgery of the Duke University Health System. His clinical interests include thoracic oncology, and mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Pennsylvania

Daniel Sterman, M.D.
University of Pennsylvania Medical Center
Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283
Tel. 215-614-0984

Dr. Sterman is Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Professor of Medicine in Surgery, Director of Interventional Pulmonology, and Clinical Director, Thoracic Oncology Gene Therapy Program at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. He is involved in various studies involving mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Texas

W. Roy Smythe, M.D.
Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center
Temple, Texas
Tel. 254-724-2595

Dr. Smythe is involved in the surgical diagnosis and treatment of mesothelioma patients at the Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center. For more information, click here.

Washington, D.C.

Paul H. Sugarbaker, M.D.
Washington Cancer Institute
Washington DC
Tel. 202-877-3627

Dr. Sugarbaker is the Director of the Program in Peritoneal Surface Malignancy at the Washington Cancer Institute. His clinical interests include mesothelioma. For more information, click here.

Washington State

Eric Vallieres, M.D.
Swedish Medical Center
Seattle, Washington
Tel. 206-215-6800

Dr. Vallieres is a thoracic surgeon with the Swedish Medical Center. He is board-certified in general surgery and thoracic surgery. His areas of interest and expertise include mesothelioma and pleural diseases. For more information, click here.

Mesothelioma Lawyers - Important Information for Patients

By Michael Horwin, MA, JD*

Deciding to pursue legal recourse and selecting an attorney to represent you in a mesothelioma or asbestos lawsuit are important decisions that should be made carefully. I have seen some families receive $500,000 and others be awarded nearly $30 million. I have seen some lawyers reject a case only to have another firm accept it and make a big success of it. And I have seen some families wait nearly three years to receive their first check while others received large checks within three months of filing a claim. The main reasons for these differences are the facts of the patient's situation and the law firm chosen.

The Facts of Your Situation

Some mesothelioma patients know they worked around asbestos, but many do not know how they were exposed or how often. In fact, many people are not sure if they were ever near this carcinogen. Unfortunately, there have been thousands of products that contained asbestos - cigarette filters, hair dryers, brakes, basement and roof materials, pipes, boilers, insulation, and many other products found throughout the home and at work. If you were diagnosed with mesothelioma it is more than likely that you were exposed to asbestos multiple times in your life and that this happened decades before your diagnosis.

In general, the value of your case depends on how many asbestos containing products you were exposed to, the number of identifiable defendants that still exist (many have declared bankruptcy), your age and earning capacity. And the speed of your case can depend on a number of variables including the state where you worked and lived when you were exposed to asbestos.

The Law Firm You Choose

When you have been given the news about this terrible disease, you may not feel that you have the time to deal with the legal questions - Should I talk to a lawyer? Should I file a claim? However, you should not wait too long to learn about your legal rights for at least three reasons:

  1. Statutes of Limitations - There are statute of limitations which means you only have a limited time to file your case after diagnosis. The statute of limitations time period is set by individual states and varies. The clock usually starts ticking on the day of diagnosis.

  2. Financial Pressure - A mesothelioma diagnosis can bring financial stress, less income, more expenses, and treatments that are not covered by insurance. Knowing that money may be on the way from filing a claim can bring financial relief.

  3. Lawyers Can be Excellent Resources - The more experienced mesothelioma lawyers and law firms can often be excellent sources of information about various doctors and treatment options available for this disease.

But, picking a lawyer is serious business and you should not use TV ads as the reason to hire an attorney. Actual credentials are what counts. For example, what type of accomplishments has the law firm achieved? How committed are they to mesothelioma/asbestos cases? Are these cases a substantial part of their practice or just a small piece? How many other cases like yours have they handled?

Also, make sure you understand the fees being charges. Contingency is the term that means that the lawyer gets paid only after they collect money for you. The amount of the contingency fee that your lawyer can charge varies and is usually between 33% and 40%. It is important to discuss fees openly, ask what services they cover, how they are calculated, and whether there will be any extra charges.

Finally, for something as important as a mesothelioma lawsuit, your attorney should not only be experienced, skilled, and dedicated, but also a trusted partner who understands that your health needs always take precedence. The best lawyers are those that are not only expert at what they do, but are also caring, supportive, thoughtful and compassionate.

Below are experienced mesothelioma law firms you can contact. If you would like additional information on choosing a reputable mesothelioma law firm please feel free to call me at 1-619-599-3112.

California
Paul & Hanley
If you are a resident of California and were diagnosed with mesothelioma please call Jerry Neil Paul of Paul & Hanley. Paul & Hanley has garnered many of the most significant California verdicts and they are dedicated to helping victims of mesothelioma. Call: 1-800-281-9804.

New York and New Jersey
Levy Phillips & Konigsberg LLP ("LPK")
If you or someone you know has mesothelioma and has ever lived (or performed any work) in NY or NJ, call LPK for a free consultation, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (1-800-637-6529) or visit their website. LPK has over three decades of experience, including many top mesothelioma jury awards in NY and NJ.

Maryland, Delaware, Washington D.C., Pennsylvania or Tennessee
The Law Offices of Peter G. Angelos, P.C.
If you or someone you know has mesothelioma and has ever lived or performed work in Md., De., D.C., Pa. or Tn. please call or email the The Law Offices of Peter G. Angelos, P.C. for a free consultation, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 1-800-556- 5522, www.angeloslaw.com. The Law Offices of Peter G. Angelos, P.C. has specialized in asbestos litigation since the early 1980's.

All Other States
Michael Horwin, MA, JD
Michael Horwin is an attorney, the President of Cancer Monthly, and the publisher of cancer books and reviews including: Surviving Mesothelioma and Other Cancers: A Patient's Guide, A Mesothelioma Survivor's Story, CancerWire, and Mesothelioma Treatment Update. He has helped hundreds of mesothelioma patients over the years. He can help you identify reputable mesothelioma law firms in all states. His number is 619-599-3112.

Mesothelioma Symptoms


Mesothelioma has earned a reputation as a cancer that is very difficult to treat effectively. This reputation is partly due to the fact that in early stages, mesothelioma symptoms are quite non-specific, making early diagnosis very difficult. In addition, the disease usually lays dormant for 15 to 50 years and symptoms do not appear until the cancer has reached its late stages.

Non-Specificity of Mesothelioma Symptoms

The initial symptoms of mesothelioma are often similar to symptoms of other diseases that are much less serious. For example, early symptoms of pleural mesothelioma (which develops in the pleural lining of the lungs) often resemble symptoms of influenza or pneumonia. Similarly, symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma (which develops in the pericardial lining of the heart) are similar to symptoms of other cardiac conditions.

If you have a history of asbestos exposure and experience any of the following symptoms, it is best to seek immediate medical advice. Also, in the interest of early detection, those who were exposed but have not yet exhibited symptoms should undergo regular chest x-rays or pulmonary function tests to monitor any adverse affects of asbestos inhalation.

Since the symptoms of mesothelioma are often generic, many people are unaware of the severity of their condition. When a doctor informs a patient that they have mesothelioma, patients and their loved ones are often very confused since the cancer is relatively unknown. For comprehensive information about mesothelioma symptoms and next-step guidance following a diagnosis, we offer a complimentary packet to those interested. Click here to receive your packet overnight.

Symptoms - Pleural Mesothelioma

Pleural mesothelioma is the most common form of the cancer. Approximately two-thirds of mesothelioma cases originate in the pleural lining of the lungs.

Known symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include:

  • Persistent dry or raspy cough (typically non-productive, meaning there is little or no phlegm)
  • Coughing up blood (hemoptysis)
  • Difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Night sweats or fever
  • Unexplained weight loss of 10 percent or more
  • Fatigue
  • Persistent pain in the chest or rib area, or painful breathing
  • Shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs even when at rest
  • The appearance of lumps under the skin on the chest

Symptoms of pleural mesothelioma occur as a result of thickening of the pleural membrane and the buildup of fluid between membrane layers, called the pleural space. Tissue thickening and fluid buildup put pressure on the lungs, leading to reduced respiratory function.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma Symptoms

Approximately 25 to 30 percent of mesothelioma cases originate in the lining of the abdominal cavity, known as the peritoneum. Peritoneal mesothelioma symptoms are caused by the thickening of the peritoneal membrane and the resulting build-up of fluid between membrane layers. These changes in membrane composition put pressure on the abdominal region and organs, leading to the following types of symptoms:

  • Night sweats or fever
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Swelling or pain in the abdomen
  • Anemia
  • Fatigue
  • Diarrhea or constipation (in general, any change in bowel habits or regularity)
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • The appearance of lumps under the skin on the abdomen

Pericardial Mesothelioma Symptoms

Less than 5 percent of mesothelioma cases originate in the membranous lining of the heart, known as the pericardium. As the pericardium layers thicken due to growth of cancer cells, fluid builds up between membrane layers, which leads to impaired cardiac function and the following symptoms:

  • Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat
  • Chest pain
  • Difficulty breathing, even when resting (dyspnea)
  • Fever or night sweats
  • Generalized fatigue

Pericardial mesothelioma is so rare that the recognized body of symptoms is not as well-developed as with more common types of mesothelioma. It is a particularly difficult type of mesothelioma to diagnose, and this correlates to a poor prognosis among pericardial mesothelioma patients.

Testicular Mesothelioma Symptoms

Testicular mesothelioma is an extremely rare form of cancer, as less than 100 cases of testicular mesothelioma have been recorded in the last 60 years. With so few cases recorded, very little is known about the symptoms of this disease. However, if diagnosed early, it can be comparatively simple to treat in many cases. The only known symptom of testicular mesothelioma is the appearance of testicular lumps, and these may or may not be painful.

It is important to note that testicular mesothelioma may arrive spontaneously in the testicle or may be a secondary tumor. In the latter case, the primary cancer is typically peritoneal.

Green Generation," Others Celebrating Earth Day Today


On the 39th anniversary of Earth Day, individuals who are a part of the "Green Generation" are coming up with exciting and earth-friendly ways to celebrate. Started in 1970, Earth Day was founded with as a way to increase awareness of global environmental issues. 39 years later, the issues range from global warming to sustainability.

The "green living" craze, which has swept our nation, is one part of the "Green Generation's" earth-friendly philosophy. Many individuals are renovating their home or business and utilizing "green" building techniques and earth-conscious products, such as solar panels and recycled materials. As the number of people renovating their homes and businesses increases, it is important that all people understand the potential health dangers that may arise during the process of modernizing and refurbishing a structure.

Over 30 million buildings - including homes - contain asbestos products, such as attic insulation, drywall, acoustical plaster, floor and ceiling tiles, stucco, and roofing tiles. It is safe to assume that if a structure was built before 1980, it contains potentially harmful asbestos. Asbestos products are not dangerous unless they become friable, but if asbestos-containing materials are disturbed or damaged during renovations, asbestos fibers can dislodge and be released in to the air, putting individuals at risk of inhalation. If inhaled, asbestos fibers can cling to the mesothelium, or lining of the internal organs, and remain there for decades, where they may form a malignancy known as mesothelioma. Although mesothelioma is very rare (less than 3,000 new cases are diagnosed annually) it is an extremely aggressive cancer that is always fatal.

As we celebrate Earth Day, it is important that all individuals are mindful of the potential dangers of asbestos. Asbestos is not just a problem for home and business owners who are beginning a renovation. Many locations nationwide have experienced asbestos contamination, including the town of Libby, Montana and Hamilton Township in New Jersey. Asbestos-tainted soil is extremely costly to decontaminate, and the asbestos abatement process in general - pre-testing, removal, and post-abatement air quality monitoring - are also expensive, but are required by law in an effort to protect the health of all people.

Today those celebrating Earth Day have the opportunity to educate themselves on a variety of environmental issues, including that of asbestos contamination. For additional information on the 39th Annual Earth Day, please visit the Earth Day Network website.

Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Mesothelioma Survival Rate

Survival rate refers to the percentage of people with a certain type and stage of the mesothelioma patient who survive for a specific period of time after their diagnosis. Most of these statistics focus on 5-year survival rate. The overall 5-year relative mesothelioma survival rate for 1998-2002 has been found approximately 9 percent.

There are no national statistics available for different stages of cancer or treatments that people may have received. The statistics we present here are pulled together from a variety of sources, including the opinions and experience of the experts. These statistics are only intended as a general guide and cannot be regarded as any more than that.

For cancer, the outcome depends on how advanced the cancer is when it is diagnosed. Usually with cancer, the statistics are given for each stage and the stage is just as important for mesothelioma as it is for other cancers. For mesothelioma, statistics finding is more difficult to do because;

  • Although incidence is increasing, mesothelioma is not that common.
  • Normally, people do not have symptoms early on and so don't go to the doctor so it is usually diagnosed when it is advanced.
  • Statistics by stage are not readily available since most people don't have surgery and accurate staging needs an operation
Following on this page, is quite detailed information about the survival rates of different stages of mesothelioma. These statistics are averages based on large numbers of patients. They cannot predict exactly what will happen to the patient. No patients are exactly alike and response to treatment also varies from person to person.

The prognosis can be asked to the doctor. However, even the doctor can’t tell for sure what will happen to the patient. Doctor may use the term '5 year survival'. This relates to the proportion of people in research studies who were still alive 5 years after diagnosis. This is because doctors follow what happens to people for 5 years after treatment in any research study.

For both types of mesothelioma (Pleural and Peritoneal mesothelioma), patients are often told that they have only less than a year to live. But mesothelioma specialists, working in leading cancer centres throughout the world, often report better statistics than this based on clinical trials that they are carrying out. Some of these are reported below.

Generally, of all those people diagnosed with mesothelioma only about 1 in 10 (10%) will be alive 3 years later and 1 in 20 (5%) will be alive 5 years later. For those people who have been diagnosed and treated in the earlier stages of the disease, there is little information to draw on. But we have seen reports that quote survival rates of up to 1 in 2 (50%) after 2 years. So the range of survival times is very wide. Survival depends on stage as well as other factors. Here are the main things that influence mesothelioma survival rate:

  • Stage of mesothelioma
  • Size of the tumor
  • Whether this tumor can be removed completely by surgery
  • The quantity of fluid in the chest or abdomen
  • The age and general health of the patient
  • The type of cancer cells and their look under a microscope
  • Whether the patient has just been diagnosed with mesothelioma or long back.

Survival rates from clinical trials
Although there are results from quite a few trials available, they are often quite small studies involving fewer than 20 patients or so. We have picked the trials below to report because they are large. The larger the trial, the more reliable the results are likely to be.

At the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, doctors followed 120 patients, with different types of pleural mesothelioma, from 1980-1995. All these patients were treated with surgery to remove the lung and pleura (pleural pneumonectomy), followed by a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with or without immunotherapy. 54 out of the 120 (45%) patients in this trial were alive 2 years later and 26 out of the 120 (22%) patients were alive 5 years later.

Patients with sarcomatoid and mixed mesothelioma had a poorer prognosis. Of the patients with these types of mesothelioma only 20% were alive 2 years later and by 5 years later, all had died.

Patients with epithelioid type tumours and no cancer in the lymph nodes had a much better outlook. Nearly 3 people out of every 4 (74%) were alive 2 years later and more than 1 person in every 3 (39%) alive 5 years later. (The full results of this trial are published in the February 2002 edition of the medical magazine Seminars in Oncology, volume 29, issue 1, pages 41-50.)

Another study looked at survival with mesothelioma in an area of North West Italy. This is called a population study. The researchers look at the records of everyone diagnosed with the disease in a given area. This study looked at an area with a total population of 4.5 million. Throughout the world, this is the second largest, of 3 population based studies about mesothelioma survival. All three studies have had similar results. One year after diagnosis, on average, 1 in every 4 people (24%) with pleural mesothelioma and 1 in every 3 people (34%) with peritoneal mesothelioma were still alive. (The full results of this trial are published in the July-August, 2002 edition of the Tumori Journal, volume 88, issue 4, pages 266-9).

Another study shows survival rates for each year following a mesothelioma diagnosis as follows:

Survival rate, year 1: 39 percent

  • Year 2: 20 percent
  • Year 3: 11 percent
  • Year 4: 10 percent
  • Year 5: 9 percent.

Mesothelioma Case Value

If you have suffered illness from asbestos exposure, there are a variety of factors to review when considering the filing of a lawsuit. The most beneficial course of action is to speak with an attorney that specializes in asbestos litigation. These specialized professionals are the most qualified to help you determine the value of a case.

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Determining the Value of a Case


Determining whether or not you have a valid case is best advised by an experienced mesothelioma attorney. These lawyers have seen many cases and can (with your permission) review medical records and assess your particular situation. But there are some factors that can help you determine if you have a case that may be worth perusing.

  • A diagnosis of asbestosis or mesothelioma. Because asbestosis and mesothelioma are both directly related to asbestos exposure, a diagnosis of either of these diseases is an indicator that you have been exposed to asbestos.
  • Your work history. Because asbestos was commonly used for so many years, it can be difficult to determine when you were exposed to asbestos. But many asbestos-related occupations, such as shipbuilding, construction work, and electrical work, bear a history of asbestos exposure in the workplace.
  • Your prognosis. Compensation earned in a lawsuit can be used to cover medical expenses, modification to your home that you may need for health reasons, or an in-home caregiver. All of these expenses can add up quickly and should be taken into consideration when you are deciding whether to enter into a lawsuit.

Choosing to file a lawsuit or not is an important decision in any situation, especially if you are coping with serious illness. But working with experienced attorneys that understand the process can ease the burden on you and family members. It is not a decision that should be approached lightly, and having the support, experience, and know-how of an asbestos attorney on your side can make all the difference in winning a case.

To obtain a referral for an experienced mesothelioma lawyer or learn more about this topic and other asbestos-related issues, please fill out the form on the right or give us a call at 800-615-2270 to receive an information packet on these issues and more. For more information on the proceedings of asbestos suits, please read "Case Process".

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